Sexual Assault, Grooming, and Trafficking in Schools: A Guide for Staff

By: Jay Dee, MPH

Sexual Assault and Trafficking in Schools: A Call to Action for Educators

Sexual assault and trafficking in schools are more common than many realize—and they don’t always look like what we expect. High school students, particularly Black girls, are disproportionately impacted, and school staff are often the first line of defense.

What Is Sexual Assault and Grooming?

Sexual assault is any unwanted sexual contact or behavior without consent. It isn’t always physical—it can be emotional or psychological manipulation. Grooming occurs when an adult or older peer manipulates a child into believing a sexual relationship is consensual. Both are forms of abuse and are considered sexual assault and trafficking in schools.

Who Is at Risk?

Statistics from the CDC reveal that 1 in 4 girls and 1 in 13 boys experience sexual abuse before turning 18. Black girls face even higher risks due to racial bias, underreporting, and harmful stereotypes that label them as “fast” rather than protecting them as children.

The U.S. Department of Justice reports that over 40% of sexual violence against teens is committed by someone they know, including trusted adults, older peers, or romantic partners. Unfortunately, these situations often unfold within schools.

Understanding Teen Vulnerability

High school students crave independence, but they are still developing cognitively and emotionally. Teens in low-income households or those experiencing neglect, food insecurity, or homelessness are especially vulnerable. Predators exploit these needs, offering attention, material goods, or validation as a tool for manipulation.

Predators target teens who are:

• Living in poverty

• Naive or inexperienced

• Low in self-esteem

• Experiencing parental neglect

• Lacking basic necessities

• Living with undiagnosed intellectual disabilities

  
  

These vulnerabilities make students easy targets for grooming and trafficking.

What Is Sex Trafficking in Schools?

Sex trafficking, as defined by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, is the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain a commercial sex act. For minors, any sexual exchange is considered trafficking, regardless of perceived consent. There is no such thing as a child prostitute.

In schools, trafficking often looks like:

• Frequent absences or skipping certain periods

• Disappearing mid-day and returning for lunch or dismissal

• Being picked up by unknown adults off campus

• Dressing differently or in overly suggestive clothing

• Appearing under the influence or emotionally withdrawn

  
  

Many staff mistake these signs as misbehavior, but they are often indicators of grooming, abuse, or trafficking.

How School Staff Can Intervene

Educators and school personnel have a legal and moral obligation to protect students. Here’s how to help prevent sexual assault and trafficking in schools:

1. Monitor attendance patterns: Chronic absences can signal danger.

2. Observe behavior changes: Sudden shifts in appearance, peer groups, or demeanor are red flags.

3. Notice pickup routines: Unknown adults picking up students off-campus require attention.

4. Ask questions sensitively: “Who’s picking you up today?” or “I noticed you missed class—what’s happening?”

5. Document patterns: Record concerning behaviors and coordinate with administration.

6. Report to authorities: Contact DCF or law enforcement when trafficking or abuse is suspected. Staff are mandated reporters.

   
   

Schools, particularly Title I institutions, have students at higher risk due to economic and social factors. Early intervention can save lives.

Why Education and Awareness Matter

Understanding sexual assault and trafficking in schools isn’t just about prevention—it’s about empowering students to recognize unhealthy situations. Teens are still learning about relationships and boundaries. Without guidance, they are more likely to fall prey to predators.

Parents, guardians, and staff should educate students on:

• Healthy relationships

• Red flags of abuse or manipulation

• How to report suspicious behavior

  
  

Recommended Resources

• LoveIsRespect.org

• National Teen Dating Abuse Helpline

• Life Outside Of The Game by Nicole McCall and Tatiana Yoguez – a true story of Jacksonville teens who became victims of trafficking

  
  

Guide, Don’t Ignore

Students cannot always advocate for themselves. They are still learning, growing, and impressionable. School staff must actively monitor, educate, and intervene when needed. If you see something, say something.

Sexual assault and trafficking in schools are preventable when adults stay alert, informed, and proactive. Your action today could save a life tomorrow.

Life Outside Of The Game written by Nicole McCall and Tatiana Yoguez is their true story on how 3 teens living in Jacksonville, FL became victims of sex trafficking at the ages of 11, 12, and 13 years. These young ladies were missing for over a month. I recommend everyone who has children in their life to read it. If literature is part of your household, read this book with your middle school to high school aged children and discuss it. This is also a great read for those who work with teens. Click here to check it out!

Until Next Time,

The Vagina Liberator